It represents the oldest documented church in the area: it was founded in the early 9th century by Benedictine monks from the important Abbey of Farfa, under whose jurisdiction it remained until the 11th century. Later, it passed under the control of the Bishop of Fermo and the church became a parish church dedicated to St. Anatolia, a Christian martyr.
Over the centuries, it has been abandoned and restored numerous times. Its present configuration dates back to the early 1900s, when it was rebuilt in a new location, inside the walls, near the shrine of Santa Maria della Liberata, reusing the masonry of the old parish church, which originally stood outside the city walls.
The façade of the modern building features a rose window that recalls those of the 13th century. A cylindrical Roman tombstone with a dedicatory inscription, now repurposed as a holy water stoup, is preserved inside.
